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Several industrial and commercial buildings can reach heights of over sixty stories. Obviously, when these buildings are being constructed, they need equally tall cranes to be able to move the materials to the higher floors. There are cranes which are operated from the rear of trucks or other kinds which have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the largest ones available on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. Wherever new construction like skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities like shopping center are being built, chances are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries items. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could vary from thirty thousand pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual parts. So as to increase the overall height of the equipment, sections are added. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
To lift materials, the crane uses a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the boom or jib from a motor located near the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are lifted.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specific mobile crane that utilizes hydraulic power to raise and move thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the pistons of the boom in opposite directions so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are really vital in building major projects such as bridges, airports, roadways and buildings. A crane can accomplish in minutes tasks that will normally take hundreds of men and many hours to accomplish.
The great machines are normally used in the building of cities, homes, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids in Egypt were probably constructed utilizing basic cranes to allow the heaviest materials in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The first representation of a crane was showcased during the reign of King Ramses within Egypt during 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting mechanism which was used to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were used to create a whole nation during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers building dockyards decided they needed something stronger and larger did these machinery develop. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes during the year 1834, within Bolton, England. This equipment was capable of lifting as much as 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany began to make cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was made in Neuburg.
